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Green Cover On Coins

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Bedrock of the Community
United States
20753 Posts
 Posted 09/08/2010  8:45 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add just carl to your friends list

Quote:
Posted Today 49 Min ago


All verdigris is destructive. Copper atoms have been pulled from the coin in order to form the verdigris. If you were to supply air to the first coin, the verdigris would continue to grow and it would eventually look like the bottom coin. There is no magic here, just science, science is fact and verdigris is verdigris no matter what anyone wants to call it.



Thad, your going to end up with ulcers. Maybe worse.
Not sure if it was Wrigley's Gum but there used to be that saying
"some call it a spear, some call it an arrow"
Mr. Wrigley just didn't care since as long as you called it something at the store when you purchased it.
Regardless of what anyone calls that green stuff on a coin, it is not good and that is what is important, not what you call it.
A Rose by any other name is still a Rose isn't it?
Bedrock of the Community
United States
19972 Posts
 Posted 09/08/2010  9:28 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add BadThad to your friends list
Nah, I'm smiling while I'm typing! I guess I come across as the mean scientist, but I'm not really.
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New Member
United States
10 Posts
 Posted 09/08/2010  10:20 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add heywoodfloyd to your friends list
Ok...I'll defer to your expertise as a chemist who has studied this issue for 23 years and is about to write a book. However, in my own defense...I had read on the topic from internet sources prior to my chiming in on this forum topic and am only a novice chemist. That said, it seems like colloquial terms for these chemical processes are part of my confusion anyway. So consistent with your knowledge base BadThad, when a brass spittoon tarnishes...if left unchecked, that tarnish will eventually corrode the brass? Similarly, if the tarnish on my silver Trade dollars is not removed, eventually my Trade dollars will be corroded? Similarly, if the bronze statue of an ape carrying a woman off to the woods is not cleaned of its green patina it will corrode away and be destroyed? Please explain why I shouldn't be alarmed about oxidation of silver and tarnish on brass but concerned about verdigris on bronze and copper since these all seem to be interactions between cupric metal compounds and gaseous compounds. To my understanding, verdigris is a result of interaction between cupric metal compounds and solid compounds.

So my understanding is that metal cannot acquire verdigris being exposed only to elements and compounds that are light enough to be present in air; rather, verdigris results from cupric metals exposed to heavier salt compounds that are not easily vaporized. But I'm always the interested student so please educate me if you will.
Bedrock of the Community
Australia
21788 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  09:25 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add sel_69l to your friends list
Bad Thad: Someone once told me that one of the main components of verdigris was copper hydroxycarbonate. I have only schoolboy chemistry ability, but is that a double salt?
Bedrock of the Community
United States
20753 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  09:25 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add just carl to your friends list

Quote:
Ok...I'll defer to your expertise as a chemist who has studied this issue for 23 years and is about to write a book. However, in my own defense...I had read on the topic from internet sources prior to my chiming in on this forum topic and am only a novice chemist.

Exactlly the problem today. People read something on the internet and think that is the absolute truth since it is on the internet. In my experience I would say the old saying of believe half of what you see and nothing of what you hear is justified with the internet.
Not sure why but for some weird reason people actually spend the time posting stories that are completely rediculous hoping someone or everyone will read and think this is the truth.
I too being a Chemist and Electrical Engineer love to read some of those things and then try them if for nothing but to see what someone thought was for real. In most instances a large majority of what you read on the internet is just NUTS.
Try looking up cleaning coins in Google, for example. Virtually thousands of replys. Think any are real?
New Member
United States
10 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  4:39 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add heywoodfloyd to your friends list
Quote: People read something on the internet and think that is the absolute truth since it is on the internet.


Yes, JustCarl, I agree with your assertions about the problems of Wikipedia and the Internet at large, however, those capable of critical thinking while not necessarily expert in Chemistry and Engineering, are able to navigate the information available. Besides those credentials don't necessarily lead to an applied and informed opinion about any sub-specialty either unless the person possessing that C & E background also has some capacity for critical thought. I will assume you understand this point but if I am not being clear, consider the problem with the western practice of medicine. Doctors have "the expert" designation for their study of the facts and systems involved in human health but that in itself does not make them good practitioners of medicine.

I would rather that you would have responded to my last post to point out where my statement of the processes and source of tarnish/patina versus verdigris are incorrect, rather than pointing out the limitations of information available on the web as if I am unable to discern for myself what constitutes a reliable source of information.

While the Internet may be a lesser source for information about the physical sciences than for, say, history, disparaging the Internet because it doesn't consistently meet your intellectual standards about a particular topic and then pointing that out in the forum as if I wouldn't know the difference is both pedantic and a bit patronizing on your part.

I don't know that you meant it that way, but since I replied to BadThad's dismissive reply as the verdigris expert.I'm now deflecting additional replies from people who aren't contributing to the scientific basis for the verdigris versus patina discussion but rather are trying to reinforce BadThad's expertise and seemingly reinforce my point of view on the topic as limited at best.

Please contribute to the facts of the discussion rather than engaging methodological concerns in epistemology.

As it stands, no one from the "everything is verdigris" camp has addressed the assertion by equally qualified sources that bronze patinas protect bronze from deterioration. Please explain the difference in passivation between a patina and bronze disease both of which are being called verdigris. Why does verdigris protect bronze under certain conditions and destroy it under others?
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United States
23731 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  5:32 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add echizento to your friends list
We are all entitled to or theories and opinions, you base yours on science and I base mine on many years of experience with ancient coins plus the knowledge that I have gained from noted collectors and authors such as Matterley(sp)Sayles, Sear, and Van Meter to name but a few. I have seen the damage that active bronze disease can do. And the perseverative effect that a beautiful green patina can also have. They are two different effects and until it is proven to me beyond any doubt my opinion remains the same.
Pillar of the Community
United States
2669 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  5:45 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add xshift to your friends list

Quote:
I don't know that you meant it that way, but since I replied to BadThad's dismissive reply as the verdigris expert�I'm now deflecting additional replies from people who aren't contributing to the scientific basis for the verdigris versus patina discussion but rather are trying to reinforce BadThad's expertise and seemingly reinforce my point of view on the topic as limited at best.


Nothing stays exactly on-topic.. there will be other comments and asides along the way. From what it sounded like, just carl was making a general observation, not pointing fingers at anyone in particular. I understand comments of this nature may be frustrating while you are waiting for a definitive answer, however, he did make a valid point. Comments that do not directly answer a question should also give you some means to get to know the people here while you're waiting.

Everyone contributes in their own way - you are, of course, free to ignore those points of discussion you feel do not add any value to your main objective, but please do not disparage anyone while doing so.

Thad explained verdigris in detail in a couple of posts but here is the only one I can find: https://goccf.com/t/61519#482624 - the entire thread might be worthwhile reading, but that one post outlines the elements involved for verdigris. I'm sure he'll also respond to the question.
Bedrock of the Community
United States
19972 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  5:59 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add BadThad to your friends list

Quote:
Ok...I'll defer to your expertise as a chemist who has studied this issue for 23 years and is about to write a book. However, in my own defense...I had read on the topic from internet sources prior to my chiming in on this forum topic and am only a novice chemist. That said, it seems like colloquial terms for these chemical processes are part of my confusion anyway. So consistent with your knowledge base BadThad, when a brass spittoon tarnishes...if left unchecked, that tarnish will eventually corrode the brass?


The tarnish IS corrosion. A chemical has attacked the surface and produced the corrosion. Over time, the corrosive process will continue until all of the metal is consumed and you're left with a pile of dust.


Quote:
Similarly, if the tarnish on my silver Trade dollars is not removed, eventually my Trade dollars will be corroded? Similarly, if the bronze statue of an ape carrying a woman off to the woods is not cleaned of its green patina it will corrode away and be destroyed?


Corrosion is complicated, but absolute. The process will continue indefinitely until all of the metal is consumed. The process can be greatly slowed, to the point where it is imperceptible. Your Trade dollars and statue are relatively safe if protected from temperature swings, air and by using physical or chemical means.

I will also add that corrosion is not static. On a chemical level there are various reactions that are constantly occuring. Metal in itself is not really completely solid, it has many liquid-like properties.

Within a metallic lattice there are micro-charges that drive reactions which create electrochemical cells. The minute charge differences are able to drive chemical equilibrium reactions to one side or the other. For example, the equilibrium reaction of copper + chloride ---> copper chloride. The smallest charge will reverse the process to create fresh chloride ions which will "re-react" with copper to create more copper chloride. All of this has a tendency to build up the layer, this is further complicated with exposure to air and changes in temperature.



Quote:
Please explain why I shouldn't be alarmed about oxidation of silver and tarnish on brass but concerned about verdigris on bronze and copper since these all seem to be interactions between cupric metal compounds and gaseous compounds.


Actually, oxidation provides some protection to a metallic surface. All metals, within micro-seconds of being made, will form a metallic oxidation layer on the surface. Since the metallic surface has reacted with oxygen, it is not "seeking" to combine with other elements. The reactivity of the surface is greatly diminished, however, when a very strong, corrosive element like chloride ion, for example, is introduced to the surface, it will "overwhelm" the oxygen bond and form a copper chloride. This is why we have verdigris in the first place. So, you should be concerned with corrosion {tarnish} but you shouldn't be concerned with oxidation as much.....of course, this all depends on the metal as the oxidation of aluminum will turn your object into a pile of white dust eventually.


Quote:
To my understanding, verdigris is a result of interaction between cupric metal compounds and solid compounds. So my understanding is that metal cannot acquire verdigris being exposed only to elements and compounds that are light enough to be present in air; rather, verdigris results from cupric metals exposed to heavier salt compounds that are not easily vaporized. But I'm always the interested student so please educate me if you will.


Sure, I love talking about this stuff.

No, verdigris forms due to a reaction between metallic copper and an anion. The source of the anion can be liquid, gas OR solid. Something as ubiquitous as hydrogen sulfide gas can be the source of sulfate ions once it reacts oxygen and a micro-layer of water on the surface (forms sulfuric acid). This is one of many, many examples.
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Bedrock of the Community
United States
19972 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  6:17 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add BadThad to your friends list

Quote:
We are all entitled to or theories and opinions, you base yours on science and I base mine on many years of experience with ancient coins plus the knowledge that I have gained from noted collectors and authors such as Matterley(sp)Sayles, Sear, and Van Meter to name but a few. I have seen the damage that active bronze disease can do. And the perseverative effect that a beautiful green patina can also have. They are two different effects and until it is proven to me beyond any doubt my opinion remains the same.


That's cool, I'm just explaining the science. I will add that it's true about a "protective" coating. A light covering of verdigris WILL provide "protection" to the surface in that those metallic sites are occupied and only able to react if a stronger anion comes along. Nonetheless, the verdigris is not static, it is in a constant equilibrium state and the corrosive process will continue on a micro-scale. If the coin is well protected from air, water and temperature swings, the rate will be so low that you won't see the corrosion process progress in your lifetime.
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Bedrock of the Community
United States
20753 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  7:53 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add just carl to your friends list

Quote:
Posted Today 3 Hrs 4 Min ago

Yes, JustCarl, I agree with your assertions about the problems of Wikipedia and the Internet at large, however, those capable of critical thinking while not necessarily expert in Chemistry and Engineering, are able to navigate the information available. medicine.

I would rather that you would have responded to my last post to point out where my statement of the processes and source of tarnish/patina versus verdigris are incorrect, rather than pointing out the limitations of information available on the web as if I am unable to discern for myself what constitutes a reliable source of information.


Kind of missing the main problem with what you are saying. "Those capable" for example. Stop and think of how many individuals on the internet are less than 15 years old? How many are less than 12? How many are way over that in age but with less than even a high school education? The internet reaches many millions of people and a real, real lot of them have very little idea of what is real and not.

And as to responding to your post, Thad has been doing that over and over and over in this and many other posts about the same thing.
If you don't believe me try using the search tab at the top and type in Thad's name, Verdigris, Acetone, coin cleaning, Green stuff or anything similar. He has gone over this subject so much I'm starting to turn green and no way to get that off.
Bedrock of the Community
United States
20753 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  8:13 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add just carl to your friends list
Just to add one last, hopefully, notation. If you'll read back a few posts, you'll see where I explained what happens to Copper or Copper mistured wires and cables used for Grounding systems. If not properly covered with lesser or non corrosive coverings, they completely dissentigrate. Salts and acids of all kinds in and on the ground attack those grounding systems and distroy them. Copper and Copper mistures are always used due to their great conductivity but unfortunately they react with so many other elements, their effectiveness is short lived unless properly protected.
Naturally coins are not normally kept in or on the ground but the end results are similar. Your breath, nasal drippings, your finger oils and acids, coin carrying pouches and on and on with everything possible to ruin a coin.
Which is why the Mint workers everywhere have a life time job.
New Member
United States
10 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  10:37 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add heywoodfloyd to your friends list
Thanks BadThad! I appreciate your taking the time to explain the process. As I said earlier, I think the various terms which I had never really sorted out with chemistry in mind created my confusion. I think I like the term corrosion best. Verdigris doesn't fit silver tarnish too well as it isn't green though I have a 1772 Ecu with verdigris on the edge that I have to attend to. The green color represents corrosion with copper atoms, the grey/black color represents corrosion with silver atoms and that I can understand. You also explained the stabilizing effect of "patination" well enough too. Thanks again.
New Member
United States
10 Posts
 Posted 09/09/2010  10:51 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add heywoodfloyd to your friends list
You're right JustCarl...I did miss that piece of your commentary and personalized it instead...and regarding your "green" problem...may I recommend www.verdigone.com?...thanks to you also JC for your patience and I get what you're saying about the better part of our population...though we went through this in derivative fashion first with radio and then with television; now with the internet...
Bedrock of the Community
United States
19972 Posts
 Posted 09/10/2010  4:12 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add BadThad to your friends list
No problem, I love talking about corrosion....even though I do it at work everyday too. I find it an interesting topic, yes, I'm a science geek! LOL
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