The Roman Provinces, Type, Governor Type, Legions, and Date Acquired
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Roman Provincial Coins
Throughout its history, the Roman Empire acquired many provinces mostly through conquest but others more peacefully. These provinces were pretty much left to govern themselves with the aid of the empire always there to monitor and ensure that they are behaving themselves. As time, progressed, the coinage of the province was replaced with more designs depicting the image of the emperor. While the language of the Romans was Latin, those of the provinces especially those in the East were Greek. So, the Latin legends were replaced by Greek legends.
The provinces were administered by a Roman Consular (Highest elected official), and Imperial Legatus (General in the Army), a Praetorian (High-ranking army officer), a Praefectus (third highest-ranking officer after the Legatus), and a Procurator (Appointed by the emperor to administer money and lands of the empire). These people wheedled vast amounts of power.
The Provinces, Type, Governor Type, Legions, and Date Acquired
Africa: Senatorial, Consular, Legio III Augusta, 146 BC
Asia Minor: Senatorial, Consular, 129 BC
Achaea: Senatorial, Praetorian, 27 BC
Cyprus: Senatorial, Praetorian
Cyrenaica & Crete: Senatorial, Praetorian, 67 BC
Gallia Narbonensis (Gaul): Senatorial, Praetorian, 120 BC
Lycia & Pamphylia: Senatorial, Praetorian, 74 AD
Macedonia & Epirus: Senatorial, Praetorian, 147 BC
Sardinia & Corsica: Senatorial, Praetorian, 237 BC
Sicila: Senatorial, Praetorian, 241 BC
Aquitania: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 27 BC
Arabia: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, Legio III Cyrenaica, 106 AD
Baetica (Hispania): Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 197 BC
Belgica: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 27 BC
Britannia: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio II Augusta, Legio VI Victrix, Legio XX Valeria Victrix, 43 AD
Cappadocia: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio XII Fulminata, Legio XV Appollinaris, Legio XVI Flamia Firma, 18 AD
Cilicia: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 58 BC
Dacia: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio V Macedonia, Legio XIII Gemina, 107 AD
Dalmatia (Illyricum): Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 27 BC
Galatia: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 18 AD
Germania Superior: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio VIII Augusta, Legio XXI Primigenig, 83 AD
Germania Inferior: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio I Minervia, Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix, 83 AD
Hispania Tarraconensis: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio VII Gemina, 27 BC
Lugdunensis (Gallia): Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 27 BC
Lusitania: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 27 BC
Moesia Inferior: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio I Italica, Legio XI Claudia, 6 AD
Moesia Superior: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio IV Flavia, Legio VII Claudia, 6 AD
Noricum: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio II Italica Pia, 41 AD
Numidia (Africa): Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 46 BC
Palastina/Judaea: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio VI Ferrata, Legio X Fretensis, 6 AD
Pammonia Inferior: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, Legio II Adiutrix, 27 BC
Pontus & Bithynia: Imperial Legatus, Consular, 63 BC
Raetia: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio III Italica, 15 BC
Syria: Imperial Legatus, Consular, Legio III Gallica, Legio IV Scythica, 63 BC
Thracia: Imperial Legatus, Praetorian, 46 BC
Aegyptus (Egypt): Imperial Equestrian, Praefectus, Legio II Traiana Fortis, 30 BC
Alpes Cottiae (Gallia): Imperial Equestrian, Procurator, 63 AD
Alpes Penninae: Imperial Equestrian, Procurator, 47 BC
Alpes Maritimae: Imperial Equestrian, Procurator, 63 AD
Mauretania Caesarensis (Africa): Imperial Equestrian, Procurator, 42 AD
Mauretania Tingitana: Imperial Equestrian, Procurator, 42 AD
Commagene: 72 AD
Mesopotamia (Iraq): 116 AD
Assyria: 116 AD
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