............................THE DUTCH AND SPANISH SILVER............................ Formed in 1602, the Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC) is considered the 1st multi-national corporation. It was granted quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike coinage, and establish colonies.
VOC literally dominated the Asian spice & slave trade for better than a century (1602 - 1796). It's fleet was double the size of it's nearest competitor (the British East India Co.), & it employed about 1,000,000 Europeans.
During this period, the Spanish 8 reales was the dominant world currency, demanded by Asian merchants over any other European currency.
Thus, the Dutch acquired, either by trade or piracy, Spanish silver to fund it's Asian exploits.
The VOC's stronghold was secured from the city of (now known as) Jakarta, Indonesia. These "bits" presented here were cut from 1650s era Mexico City 8 reales, & traded among the local merchants. The chop marks on these particular examples are Indonesian.
Although cut-up & marked, they circulated as coinage. After all, good silver is
good silver...


