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Another factor is many more countries which used to have few coin vending technologies are now seeing them become mainstream, and many shapes aren't compatible to these machines.
Here is the main reason why funky shapes are becoming extinct.
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There are some exceptions, of course. England has no intention of altering the seven equilaterally sided 50 pence in any way anytime soon. Malawi recently came out with a new coin set which still includes such seven sided pieces,
This is related to the vending machine issue, too. The British chose the equilaterally-curved heptagon specifically because, like all
Reuleaux polygons, it could roll just as easily as a round coin, and also that it would maintain a fixed diameter, no matter which way it is rotated.
Vending machines can cope with strange shapes - the Australian 50 cent coin is accepted in pretty much any vending machine that accepts coins here - but it all adds to complexity, which adds to cost.
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doesn't allow for many shapes because during the electroplating process the metals won't distribute and bond properly to many shapes other than circular
electroplating is happening on a molecular level, effectiveness has nothing to do with shape. you could plate something as intricate as a snowflake as easily as a circular coin.The plating itself is not be the main reason why plated coins are almost always round. There are two other factors involved.
First, a non-round shape has, by definition, some pointy bits sticking out somewhere. Those pointy bits attract wear, and wear on a plated object is bad, because if the plating wears completely away at that point, it allows corrosion through to the underlying metal. This is also one reason why plated coins are always struck in appallingly low relief.
Second, the underlying metal for most cheap modern coins is steel. Steel is cheap, so long as you don't want to do anything fancy with it. Making strange shapes adds to the cost, eliminating much of the savings made from switching to steel in the first place.
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At one time, square shaped and scalloped coins were very popular, particularly in the developing world where they provided a practical function in helping the blind and illiterate identify each piece with little trouble.
And here's the final reason why strange shaped coins are becoming unpopular with governments. What modern, sophisticated country wants to advertise the fact that most of their population is still illiterate?
Of course, increasing literacy worldwide throughout the 20th century and up to today means that very few countries these days actually have such low literacy rates anymore.
Wikipedia 2011 world literacy map. Most of those that do, places like Afghanistan and South Sudan, have war, disorder and other things that are distracting them from making circulating coinage of any kind.
Don't say "infinitely" when you mean "very"; otherwise, you'll have no word left when you want to talk about something really infinite. - C. S. Lewis