Quote:
The torch and branches never made sense to me (anyone know their symbolic meaning?).
The torch represents the light/lamp of freedom (think the torch held by the Statue of Liberty) the olive branch represents a desire for peace and the oark branch is a symbol of strength.
Quote:
Is that law still valid? Also, does anyone have any knowledge of what law that would be and why it was enacted in the first place?
As far as I can tell it is no longer valid. It was valid after the coinage act of 1965 but is not in the current coinage law. I have been unable to determine when it was removed. It was apparently still in place in 1978, and I can't find any legislation since then that altered the law, but in the latest version the provision is gone.
The section is title 31 section 5112 d This is how it read in 1965
Upon one side of all coins of the United States there shall be an impression emblematic of Liberty, withthhe inscription of the word LIBERTY, and upon the reverse side shall be the figure or representation of an eagle, with the inscriptions United States of America, and E Pluibus Unum, and a designation of the value of the coin; but on the dime, 5-, and 1-cent piece the figure of the eagle shall be omitted.
The current law says
(d)
(1)
United States coins shall have the inscription "In God We Trust". The obverse side of each coin shall have the inscription "Liberty". The reverse side of each coin shall have the inscriptions "United States of America" and "E Pluribus Unum" and a designation of the value of the coin. The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle. Subject to other provisions of this subsection, the obverse of any 5-cent coin issued after December 31, 2005, shall bear the likeness of Thomas Jefferson and the reverse of any such 5-cent coin shall bear an image of the home of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Congress, shall select appropriate designs for the obverse and reverse sides of the dollar coin. The coins have an inscription of the year of minting or issuance. However, to prevent or alleviate a shortage of a denomination, the Secretary may inscribe coins of the denomination with the year that was last inscribed on coins of the denomination.
It only specifies the eagle on the dollar half and quarter and makes no mention of it on the smaller coins.
As for why it was enacted in the first place, I believe it has been part of the law since the mint act of 1792, where it specified an eagle on the reverse of all the silver coins. In the Coinage Act of 1837 the law specified the eagle on all coins, but then stated it shall be omitted it on the dime,
Half Dime cent and
Half Cent. Possibly because the felt the dime and
Half Dime were too small for the eagle, which would be odd because they had had eagles on them up to that point. In any case that was how the law read until apparently very recently.