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Weight Of Copper Plate On Zinc Lincoln?

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Yokozuna's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  6:30 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add Yokozuna to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
I have a couple of quick questions.

First... Does anyone know the exact weight of the copper plating on a Zlincoln cent? I know it's around 20 microns https://www.comsol.com/blogs/electr...makes-penny/, but just how much weight does it add to the finished coin?

Second... Does anyone know if the cents intended for Uncirculated Mint Sets have a double layer of copper? I remember reading something like this, but I can seem to find any facts.

Nothing really going on, just trying to figure out some error coins.
ANA ID: 3203813 - CONECA ID: N-5637 Clean a coin that may be worth collecting? Please DON'T! When in doubt, leave it dirty!!
Weight-Of-Copper-Plate-On-Zinc-Lincoln?


Edited by Yokozuna
06/09/2022 10:17 pm
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nfine's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  7:00 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add nfine to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Interesting questions.
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Sap's Avatar
Australia
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 Posted 06/09/2022  8:23 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Sap to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
The official legal specifications of the one cent coin are: 97.5% zinc, 2.5% copper. I think it would be fair to assume that there is effectively no copper in the zinc core. Likewise, there would be no zinc in the copper plating. Therefore, all of that "2.5% copper" that's in the specifications resides in the plating and that the plating is therefore legally expected to comprise 2.5% of the coin's mass. For a Zincoln weighing exactly 2.5000 grams, this ought to theoretically render you 0.0625 grams of copper.

Given this definition is enshrined in law, and that breaches of this law would be considered as serious as if the Mint were caught deliberately adulterating a silver or gold coin, I don't think it's something the Mint is authorized to fool around with, in terms of "adding a double-thick plating for NIFC collector coins". Doubling the thickness would, logically, add an extra 0.0625 grams of copper to the coin. A 1 cent coin weighing 2.56 grams is still within the officially acceptable Weight Tolerance, of ±0.10 grams, but you've now pushed the composition all the way up to 4.87% copper, which I'm pretty sure is well outside the legal parameters for the coin. While they could get away with accidentally leaving the blanks in the plating pot for too long, explaining it as a failure in quality control, deliberately violating the law in this way just to make some special collector coins would be very dubious practice, I would think.

Finally, of course, the US Mint doesn't actually make the blanks for pennies - it outsources them from companies like Jarden Zinc, who supply them already plated and rimmed, ready to feed straight into the presses. So unless they get the supplier to make a special batch of double-thick-plated blanks, the Mint would have to use the exact same blanks as they would use for regular coins. According to the US Mint website on how they make coins, penny blanks intended for uncirculated coin sets are specially washed, polished, and examined by hand, but otherwise normal.
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chafemasterj's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  8:37 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add chafemasterj to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Well thought out Sap.

Sounds to me like you nailed it.
Check out my counterstamped Lincoln Cent collection:
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John1's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  9:00 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add John1 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
20 microns =0.00002 grams
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Sap's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  9:51 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Sap to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
20 microns =0.00002 grams

Um, no, sorry. A "micron" is an abbreviation for "micrometre", a unit of measurement of distance (in this case, thickness), not a unit of weight.

To convert microns thickness of coating into grams of copper, you would need to multiply by the density of copper, then multiply by the surface area of a cylinder the size of a penny blank.
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BStrauss3's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  10:02 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add BStrauss3 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
The original specifications of the core was 100% Zinc. This was adjusted in 1983 or so to have a tiny bit of copper for better adhesion of the plating. The mint has not disclosed the specifications, but it's commonly called 0.2%.

My recollection of the plating thickness is 8 microns. For reference, a human hair is usually quoted as 40-100 microns.

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Yokozuna's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  10:06 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Yokozuna to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Sap, I am in awe! What a great reply!

My question about the possibility of a double layer of copper came from a coin that was a large broadstrike and didn't have any splits in the plating. http://goccf.com/t/372225 Someone said they heard that the coins for mint sets had extra copper. I tried to find any information of this but came up short. Now I see that they cannot be manipulated by the mint.

ANA ID: 3203813 - CONECA ID: N-5637 Clean a coin that may be worth collecting? Please DON'T! When in doubt, leave it dirty!!
Weight-Of-Copper-Plate-On-Zinc-Lincoln?


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Dearborn's Avatar
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Sap's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  10:30 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Sap to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
And by my reckoning, a surface layer of 20 microns (0.002 cm) thickness on a penny, a coin with 6.56 cm2 surface area (top, bottom, and around the sides) made of copper (density 8.96 g/cm3) gives a mass of about 0.11 grams. Which is nearly twice as much copper as the penny is supposed to contain. So the "20 micron" figure is probably a maximum, rather than an average - or perhaps the plating is somewhat "fluffier" and thus less dense than a piece of solid copper.
Don't say "infinitely" when you mean "very"; otherwise, you'll have no word left when you want to talk about something really infinite. - C. S. Lewis
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Sap's Avatar
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 Posted 06/09/2022  10:44 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Sap to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
The original specifications of the core was 100% Zinc. This was adjusted in 1983 or so to have a tiny bit of copper for better adhesion of the plating. The mint has not disclosed the specifications, but it's commonly called 0.2%.

0.2% is higher than I'd thought, but doesn't noticeably change the result. 0.2% of 2.5 grams is 0.005 grams, which still leaves most of the copper (0.0575 grams) sitting in the plating, rather than the core.

Quote:
My recollection of the plating thickness is 8 microns.

That figure comes much closer to my reckonings.
Don't say "infinitely" when you mean "very"; otherwise, you'll have no word left when you want to talk about something really infinite. - C. S. Lewis
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Spence's Avatar
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 Posted 06/10/2022  01:38 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Spence to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
What a great reply!


Thx for helping me learn something today! This is a super thread.
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jbuck's Avatar
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 Posted 06/10/2022  10:08 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add jbuck to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
A very informative reply, Sap. Bookmark worthy for future reference.
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