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Denarii Cut As Votive Offerings

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Masis's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  6:07 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add Masis to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
Last night I was browsing through photos I took in the coin gallery of the British Museum last month.
I noticed a photo that showed two examples of Denarii that had been deliberately cut and then thrown into the River Tees, south of Hadrian's wall.
A photo of that exhibit is shown below.

Last year by fate I ended up buying a number of Denarii of Septimius Severus, that had been cut.
The second photo shows them, note that the first Denarius came from a lot I bought from Hungary.
All others were found in England, most in Yorkshire.
Hungary included the Roman frontier province of Pannonia Inferior.

I had thought at first that these coins had been cut to get the silver to make Fourrees (ancient Denarii forgeries).
Seeing that exhibit, I wonder if most of these cut Denarii and others that are out there, are more the result of being cut for an offering to the gods, being cast into a river.

I also wonder if this was some Celtic tradition that continued into the Roman era, since we know the Celts made very elaborate offerings to their gods, casting fine wares into the rivers.
http://www.britishmuseum.org/explor..._shield.aspx

If it is a celtic only tradition, then how to explain Denarii being cut as votice offerings in Pannonia inferior?
On the opposite side of Pannonia inferior, across the Danube, the Celtic "Boii" tribe had inhabited the region of the modern Czech republic, known until a hundred years ago as "Bohemia".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boii
Perhaps locals enlisted into the frontier garrisons on that part of the Danube were descended from such Celts, however by the era of Septimius, "Bohemia" had come under Germanic control, namely the powerful "Marcomanni" tribe.

Denarii-Cut-As-Votive-Offerings

Denarii-Cut-As-Votive-Offerings
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echizento's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  6:46 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add echizento to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Interesting that the coins were cut and used as offerings. From your examples I agree that most look like they could have been cut, but coins 4,6, and 8 look like they are just broken. I don't know if I could tell the difference and say this was cut as a possible offering or that coin is just a broken coin.
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 Posted 01/13/2013  6:58 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Masis to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply


Quote:
coins 4,6, and 8 look like they are just broken.-echizento


I forgot to add that it seems more likely they were delibrately cut than to have been broken by the plow.
Simply the odds are more in favour of a delibrate cut than the randomness of a plow striking them, even over 1700 years in the field, to break them neatly.

A plow cut might leave a large gash, whilst a delibrate break would tend to be a clean, sharp break.

Below is a photo of fragments of Limes Denarii of various rulers from the Severan dynasty, Septimius, Caracalla, Julia Domna and Elagabalus, finds from Leicestershire.

Yet what might seem a "votive offering" may just be a way of getting more for their money by breaking the Denarius into halves and quarters.

A quote from: http://detecting-finds.50megs.com/roman.html
"Coins were legally mutilated for two reasons: 1) coins were cut in half to make change and 2) merchants sometimes made a test cut on a coin, slicing into the middle of it to ensure that what appeared to be a silver coin was solid silver and not really a bronze coin with a silver wash over it."
Denarii-Cut-As-Votive-Offerings
Edited by Masis
01/13/2013 7:03 pm
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Windchild's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  7:03 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Windchild to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
with Echizento!

Very Interesting.... and a distinct Possibility!
Edited by Windchild
01/13/2013 7:39 pm
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echizento's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  7:05 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add echizento to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
I agree these examples are all cut.
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Masis's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  7:08 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Masis to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
I recall that if all else fails, Archaeologists will ascribe a puzzling find to a "ritualistic" use.
(I really like Archaeology!)
So perhaps the two cut Denarii in the British Museum found in the River Tees were merely spare change lost by a traveller in the Roman era.

Yet having stated that, out of the Septimius Denarii I have shown, only example 3 would likely to have been halved for use as change, since it actually looks like a half. The rest are missing around 1/4 of their original shape.

From what I recall, example 8 was a Fourree, so of poor quality anyway and likely to have been in that condition due to corrosion in the soil.
Edited by Masis
01/14/2013 08:00 am
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bobbyhelmet's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  7:31 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add bobbyhelmet to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
I recall that if all else fails, Archaeologists will ascribe a puzzling find to a "ritualistic" use


Yeah - I agree, pretty lazy. Many also seem to think everything they find is from a 'high status' house, person, area. The past must have been full of millionaires
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DVCollector's Avatar
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 Posted 01/13/2013  8:02 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add DVCollector to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
The The Battersea Shield is really impressive! Someday, I have to make to The British Museum.
Interesting read and theories--most of the cuts look pretty clean; do any of the coins show evidence of tool marks?
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Masis's Avatar
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 Posted 01/14/2013  08:10 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Masis to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
Many also seem to think everything they find is from a 'high status' house, person, area. -bobbyhelmet


I think you are referring to "Time Team" were Tony does like his "high status Roman villas" I understand why, as it is a TV show that needs a good find to get good ratings. Alas, the ratings have not met channel 4's demands, and this year is the last series of "Time Team" after more than 20 years.


Quote:
do any of the coins show evidence of tool marks? -DVCollector


Checking over my saved JPEGs of these coins (since I have sold them all), example 2 has a cut on his cheek. Other than that, no signs of Tooling.
Edited by Masis
01/14/2013 08:10 am
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