1665
1 solidus (schelling, shilling...) or boratynka
Lithuania
Johan Casimir II (1609-1672)
King of Poland
SOLI.MAG.DVC.LIT1665 : SOLIDUS MAGNUS DUCATUS LITHUANIAE
solidus of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
IOAN.CAS.REX : IOANNES CASIMIRUS REX
King John Casimir
TLB : 1660-66 Titus Livijus Boratini, mintmaster
Privy mark : KHPL : Jeronimas Kryspinas
Vilnius munt
1 solidus (schelling, shilling...) or boratynka
Poland
Johan Casimir II (1609-1672)
King of Poland
SOLID.REG.POLO.1665 : SOLIDUS REGIS POLONIAE
solidus of the kingdom Poland
IOAN.CAS.REX : IOANNES CASIMIRUS REX
King John Casimir
TLB : 1660-66 Titus Livijus Boratini, mintmaster
Pirvy mark : black raven: John Casimir Krasinski
Mint: Ujazdow
Centershield on the eagle is the coat of arms of the Waza dynasty (sheaf of grain)
I found this on a polish Wikipedia page
The boratynka was the popular, informal name of a copper penny of John Casimir, struck in the Republic in the years 1659-1668. The name comes from Boratini, who has an intresting history in the minting of these coins.
The Second Northern War, called in Poland the "Swedish invasion, caused a severe economic and monetary crisis in the Polish Commonwealth. The Treasury was unable to meet its obligations, especially for the military. The manager of Krakow, Livy Boratini, proposed to launch a small copper coin, which would have the official value of a silver coin, or a third of the grosz. Parliament approves the project despite the fact that a new copper penny had no real value. Copper weight was the value of a third of a cent, or 1/90 of the Polish zloty.
The designated officials limits the buyer's shilling for an amount of 182.291 Polish Zloty (Krakow) and 817.708 zloty for grosz and one million zlotys for the Grand Duchy Ujazdowska, where in 1659 specially for striking new shilling (solidus) a factory was opened. Boratini was accused of illegally storing coins. He was confronted with the allegations in 1662, when Parliament ordered to put an end to the minting of the boratynek. However, due to the continuing problems with the Treasury, the minting was resumed in 1663 and extended also for coins of Lithuania, and treated as the only possible way for the collapse of the Treasury.
1 pound (405 grams) of copper Boratini was struck for 300 solidus, officially 100 cents. 57 cents went to state, the rest took the Mint. Despite the huge profits of Boratini, he cheated the Treasury even more by going over the limit, from which the state got nothing. Again he was accused, until in 1666 the Mint closed in Ujazdowska. Eventually the striking the copper solidus stops in 1668. Huge amounts of copper solidus' were put into circulation by counterfeiters. The forger is threatened with torture, cutting off his right hand, then death by beheading. The prospect of a large and easy profits resulted in taking risks. It is estimated that counterfeiting accounts for about a tenth, with up to a total of about 1.8 billion coins.
The boratynka named after Boratini, which is the official forgery, helps to get the treasury out of debt. However, this resulted in the increase of the monetary chaos in Poland, even in the early eighteenth century. For example, in 1664 a ducat was 195 cents in silver. The boratynka was theoretically the same, but in fact there were 270 pennies, or 810 solidus. This amount boratynkas weighed more than a kilo. Dissatisfaction of the soldiers on the payment of salaries with the bad coin caused revolts, they were more susceptible to the propaganda of the enemies of the king and joined voluntarily with the Lubomirski rebellion (no longer paying the salaries of the boratynki was one of the demands of the rebels).
The proverb "like a bad coin" comes probably from the boratynka.
The Lithuanian solidus was struck in the following mints:
Ujazdów: mintmark black raven: 1660, 1661, 1665, 1666, 1667
Oliwa: mintmark sheaf Wieniawa: 1663, 1665, 1666
Vilnius: mintmark HKPL: 1664, 1665, 1666, 1668
Kovno: mintmark HKPL: 1665, 1666
Brest: mintmark HKPL: 1665, 1666, 1667
Malbork: mintmark HKPL: 1666
HKPL: Hieronima Kryszpin podskarbi litewski: Jerome Kryszpin Lithuanian treasurer
Corrections welcome
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Posted 11/29/2014 3:44 pm
