Thanks, but this post is just beginning.
Machine doubling Machine Doubling has been a plague for many years.
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This after strike event alters the fresh struck devices. The devices are normal size from the strike, but given a kick with the die after the strike. this movement alters the strikes the devices in an un orderly fashion.
Sometimes slight above the base of the devices.



Sometimes midway up on the devices.


Sometimes the tops of the devices when the coins are leaving the chamber altering them.



Ejection doubling:

This is call
Machine Doubling, but technically nothing is doubled. The devices are actually reduced in size. Along with the reduction, the devices are sometimes hit so hard the devices form a vertical wall with a flat step on one side or the other and sometimes on both sides of the devices.
















Some call them doubled struck or triple struck. The fact is, the coin is only struck once. The devices are formed then a bounce/sway/directional movement happens and the coin devices are no longer contoured.

On side or the other is altered/reduced/made flat/step like. Sometimes the devices are not always showing the same MD, but it will vary:




Flat field doubling on proof coins:






Some thrill over this, other get a chill about this. To me the coin is damaged. If it were a doubled die, it can also suffer from
Machine Doubling alters those devices.
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For a person who enjoys seeing the beauty of hub doubling, the MD rains on his parade. So how can you spot this? Sometimes color can give it away. When you look at natural formed, contoured devices. The top of that device is lighter in color, and tapers dark as the light goes down the device. But on MD devices, that area is flat. It is flashy. No longer is the contour there. It no longer looks light to dark On one side of the devices. While to the untrained eye, the reduction of the MD may not be noticed.
So side by sides will help us see that they are reduced in size.



Sometimes the devices give what is called, push doubling.
_MD_AAC.jpg)


The devices are enlarged by the MD, but that just means there is more flattening of the devices. Many keep seeing the
Machine Doubling and thinking they are die doubling. But eventually the right set of images will help them see the different. Sometimes we see negative images. They actually show the MD a lot stronger. Sometimes new ones will post images and because of the flattening of the devices, all we see is glare because of the flattening of the devices. The devices that are affected don't need more light to show what they are seeing. Often it looks like a picture of the sun and we can't see what they are wanting to show. so lets examine these to see what I'm talking about.