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What Magnification Is Used For Certification

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StormStrikes's Avatar
United States
136 Posts
 Posted 05/20/2011  7:55 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add StormStrikes to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
When a coin is certified as being a particular MS or PF state, what is the standard magnification they use to inspect the coin?

Additionally, how is a MS70 or PF70 grading arrived at? Would that not be considered a perfect coin, flawless? If so, what is the criteria for that?

I ask about the grading 'cause I'm having a hard time getting my head around something being graded at MS70. Proofs I can kind of see as they are a higher state of production but for those made for circulation, unless it was popped straight out of the press and into holder, how does a coin survive the production process without a blemish to knock it from MS70 grading?

Perhaps, more generally I'm looking to be educated about the grading process and criteria and so forth.
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vermontensium's Avatar
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16677 Posts
 Posted 05/20/2011  8:28 pm  Show Profile   Check vermontensium's eBay Listings Check vermontensium's eCrater Listings Bookmark this reply Add vermontensium to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
I know PCGS graded a Lincoln Cent, I want to say 2003, as MS70. There were those who thought this was impossible for a biz strike. I am still in doubt about that. MS69? More likely but, MS70 is not impossible unless you are SGS!
I have seen this coin. It is pretty amazing.
Most TPG's use loupes and microscopes. Not sure the exact power.
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Edited by vermontensium
05/20/2011 8:30 pm
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biokemist6's Avatar
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 Posted 05/20/2011  8:46 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add biokemist6 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Yes, a 70 should be the perfect coin. You are also correct that it is easier for a proof coin to reach 70 than it is for an uncirculated coin. To give you an idea of what exactly "perfection" means, here is the official ANA definition of MS-70-

MS-70- The perfect coin. Has very attractive sharp strike and original luster of the highest quality for the date and mint. No contact marks are visible under magnification. There are no noticeable hairlines, scuff marks, or defects. Eye appeal is attractive and outstanding. If copper, the coin is bright, with full original color and luster.

A 69 allows for no more than 2 miniscule contact marks, none in a prime focal area. 69s are very nice and just barely miss perfection. It is very difficult/almost impossible for business strikes to get an MS-70 simply becuase they do not receive any special handling. Typical coins that reach those levels are uncirculated Eagles and commemoratives. Remarkably, there are a few Morgan dollars with the lofty grade of MS-69. Outside of the aforementioned Eagles and commems, coins at these grade levels tend to be very pricey and have become even more so with the popularity of TPG registry sets. Lets take a step down from the rarified air and look at MS-67.

MS-67- Has original luster and normal strike for the date and mint. May have three or four very small contact marks and one more noticeable but not detracting mark. On comparable coins, one or two small single hairlines may show, or one or two minor scuff marks or flaws may be present. Eye appeal is above average. If copper, the coin has luster and original color.

67s are still very nice coins and it is a more attainable grade for business strikes. Coins from the 2005-2009 satin finish Mint Sets are typically 67s and 68s. 67 should be the minimal grade for specially handled coins although you will sometimes see 66s and even "lowly" 65s.
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AlmostCollectible's Avatar
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 Posted 05/20/2011  8:59 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add AlmostCollectible to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Here are some words from the official ANA grading guide under the section of lighting and magnification:


Quote:
For purposes of standardization, we recommend that a magnifying glass of at least three (3x) to seven power (7x) be used. This is sufficient to reveal all the differences and peculiarities necessary to grade a coin accurately. At the same time it is not too much magnification.
Under extensive magnification (10 power or more) even the finest coin may show many marks and imperfections in an exaggerated fashion.


Hope that helps.
Edited by AlmostCollectible
05/20/2011 9:05 pm
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StormStrikes's Avatar
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 Posted 05/20/2011  10:06 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add StormStrikes to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
In the light of all that, do you (members here) see the frequency of a grading of 70 going up whether it be from proofs or mint sets given the better quality of the coins now? I mean, my proofs and mint sets from the early part of the Statehood Quarter program look like crap compared to what I got for the 2011 sets and my 2010 is on the way and I expect much the same in quality. If so, that obviously is going to dilute the rating and drive the premium for such coins down, correct?
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