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September 2013 Explained - Series 2009A $100 FRNs

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 Posted 08/10/2016  10:44 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add xxJOExx to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
The quantity of Series 2009A $100 FRNs produced by the BEP in September 2013 was extraordinary, if not historic. Production occurred primarily at the Fort Worth facility with a small quantity of notes produced at Washington DC. In that one month, notes were serialed for all 12 Federal Reserve districts - the first time that has happened with any denomination in at least 40 years. And both regular and star notes were produced.

Screen shot from http://www.uspapermoney.info
September-2013-Explained-–-Series-2009A-$100-FRNs

An incredible 191 runs of Series 2009A $100 regular notes plus 1 full and 1 partial run of star notes were serialed in September 2013, 177 of them at Forth Worth. The total number of notes produced was just over 615 million. Here are some statistics that help to put those numbers in perspective:
-Median number of runs of $100 notes produced monthly at Fort Worth going back to February 2007, the first month that $100s were produced at that facility: 23
-Median number of runs of $100 notes produced monthly at Washington DC going back to May 1991: 22
-Second highest number of runs of $100 notes produced in any month going back to May 1991: 98 in May 2013 (78 at FW, 20 at DC) plus 2 full and 2 partial star runs
-Highest number of runs among all other denominations produced in any month going back to March 1990: 76 in September 1996 (Series 1995 $1 notes) plus 1 full star run. (This number needs clarification: The standard run size for $100 notes is 100,000 sheets while the standard run size for $1 notes is 200,000 sheets. Thus, 76 runs of $1 notes is the equivalent of 152 runs of $100 notes.)

What accounts for this exceptional spike in $100 FRN production in September 2013? An article from the August 13, 2013 issue of the New Yorker magazine (http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-...oney-factory) explains how an infrequent phenomenon known as "mashing" resulted in the Federal Reserve returning to the BEP more than $30 million in new $100 notes produced at the Washington DC facility. Mashing refers to the lines of the artwork not being as crisp as they should be due to too much ink being applied to the paper.

In order to meet the anticipated October 8 release date of the newly designed $100 notes, the BEP cranked up production of the $100 notes at the Fort Worth facility. According to the article, the BEP had a strong incentive to meet the deadline for release: the BEP would not have been paid if it did not meet the Fed's order.

In addition to explaining why $100 note production was so extraordinarily high in one month in 2013, it also explains why production of $100 notes at Washington DC suddenly ceased after September 2013.
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CelticKnot's Avatar
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 Posted 08/11/2016  01:18 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add CelticKnot to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Interesting analysis, JOE.

Did this mashing have to do with the famous delay of the 2009 notes?

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John1's Avatar
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 Posted 08/11/2016  04:20 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add John1 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Joe,
Would you please list the rare ones to look out for? Thanx,
John1
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cashhound's Avatar
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 Posted 08/11/2016  7:58 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add cashhound to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
Would you please list the rare ones to look out for? Thanx


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 Posted 08/11/2016  10:09 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add coinsearcher83 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Perhaps... But $30 million in $100 bills is only 300,000 notes... less than a full block. Less than a full run, even. Surely that can't be the only explanation for the spike, can it?
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 Posted 08/11/2016  10:10 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add coinsearcher83 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
Did this mashing have to do with the famous delay of the 2009 notes?


I don't believe so. That series was plagued with gutter fold errors related to the holographic strip. Notes were folded when printed leaving a large unprinted area when unfolded. (See http://oldcurrencyvalues.com/mispri...gutter_fold/ )
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 Posted 08/11/2016  10:31 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add xxJOExx to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
Did this mashing have to do with the famous delay of the 2009 notes?


No, "mashing" was its own problem, independent of the paper creasing problem that plagued Series 2009 notes. Kind of makes one wonder if the emergence of yet a new problem caused the BEP almost to overcorrect to make darn sure that they could prove their abilities after all.


Quote:
Would you please list the rare ones to look out for?


I'm not quite sure what you're looking for here -- what did you have in mind? If you collect by block and look for both Fort Worth and DC notes in cases when portions of the block were serialed at both facilities, the LLE block from DC is relatively scarce compared to FW. Only two runs runs of the LLE block were serialed at DC (serials 51200001 to 57600000), but that's still 6.4 million notes. Conversely, only one run of the LBI and LDB blocks were serialed at FW (serials 96000001 to 99200000 in each case) while the remainder of those blocks were serialed at DC. That's 3.2 million notes in each case. Which is not to say that they will be easy to find; I've not found either. For a while, the LLE notes from DC were turning up in the area where I live.

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 Posted 08/11/2016  10:39 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add xxJOExx to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply

Quote:
Perhaps... But $30 million in $100 bills is only 300,000 notes... less than a full block. Less than a full run, even. Surely that can't be the only explanation for the spike, can it?


I have to correct my initial post, because I went back to the article and saw that I misread that sentence. Rather than $30 million in $100 notes, it was 30 million $100 notes = $3 billion. Still, 30 million notes is not even 5% of the 615 million notes produced that month, so you're right, it does seem like one or more other factors had to have contributed to the production spike.
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 Posted 08/12/2016  6:29 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add xxJOExx to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
As I've mulled over this more, I've concluded for a number of reasons that the spike in $100 note production in September 2013 is in fact likely primarily due to this mashing problem.

It should be noted that the New Yorker article is dated August 13, and it references an internal BEP memo from July. That means the figure of 30 million defective notes can reflect production at the Washington DC facility through no later than July.

Printing of Series 2009A $100 notes at Washington DC began in January 2013, with the first notes serialed in February (an initial sheet-replacement star run). Serialing of regular notes began in March. Through July, 83 runs of regular notes had been serialed as well as 2 standard-sized star runs and 2 partial star runs, for a grand total of 272,640,000 notes. That means that at a minimum, the 30 million figure represents a defective rate in excess of 10%. Not knowing when the Fed examined notes or the precise date of the internal memo, it's possible that the number of notes that had been delivered to the Fed only reflected production through June (or earlier). Subtracting July production, the number of notes produced through June was 199,040,000, in which case the 30 million figure would have represented a defective rate in excess of 15%. In either case, the Fed was no doubt alarmed at the high percentage of unacceptable notes it had received.

The New Yorker article states that the Fed returned more than 30 million unacceptable notes that it had received from the BEP and that another $30 billion worth were waiting examination. (I'm inclined to think that $30 billion represented both Series 2009A as well as Series 2009, although the article does not make that clear; through July, only $27.2 billion worth of Series 2009A notes had been produced by the BEP while more than $100 billion worth of Series 2009 $100s had been produced before that series production was halted. In any case,...) the article goes on to say that the Fed would not accept any more $100 notes produced at the Washington DC facility until further notice. That means that in addition to the 30+ million notes that were rejected as unacceptable, the 44 more runs of regular notes plus 1 standard-sized star run and 1 partial star run produced at Washington DC in August and September - that is, 144+ million notes - presumably were not accepted by the Fed either.

Thus, it seems plausible that production of 615+ million notes at the Fort Worth facility in September included at a minimum some 174 million "extra" to make up for the Washington DC notes that weren't acceptable to the Fed. And if all 272+ million Series 2009A notes that had been delivered to the Fed were ultimately returned for a refund, the Fort Worth Facility would have had to increase production significantly in order to make up for the 416+ million Washington DC notes whose status was now in limbo.
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 Posted 08/12/2016  7:16 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Buddy to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
xxJOExx, thanks for posting this. Very interesting,
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 Posted 08/13/2016  11:19 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add cashhound to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
This is a condensed version of low production run/runs.

SERIES 2009A $100 by RUN/RUNS UNDER 10-MIL

LB 960 00001 I - LB 992 00000 I fw 3,200,000


LD 960 00001 B - LD 992 00000 B fw 3,200,000

LG 000 00001 C - LG 064 00000 C fw 6,400,000

LI 000 00001 B - LI 032 00000 B fw 3,200,000

LL 512 00001 E - LL 576 00000 E dc 6,400,000
Edited by cashhound
08/13/2016 11:48 am
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