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Trebonianus Gallus Ant From Antioch - Sole Reign, Or Decius Mule?

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Finn235's Avatar
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 Posted 08/21/2018  11:39 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add Finn235 to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
Slow day on the forum.

Spent a few hours sorting through some mid-grade antoninianii, and noticed this interesting coin of Gallus from Antioch:

Trebonianus Gallus, 251 - 253
IMP C VIB TREB GALLVS AVG, Radiate, draped bust right
VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm
Antioch Mint
RIC 93

Trebonianus-Gallus-Ant-From-Antioch---Sole-Reign,-Or-Decius-Mule?

While this coin isn't exactly a looker, it raises some interesting questions. Trebonianus Gallus was proclaimed emperor by his troops upon receipt of the news of the death of Trajan Decius and Herennius Etruscus in the Battle of Abritus in Summer 251. This was a precarious situation for Hostilian, the surviving younger son of Decius, and the Caesar and legal heir to the purple. In a show of good faith, Gallus adopted the young Hostilian and they served as co-emperors for a few months until Hostilian died, presumably of plague. Gallus then immediately raised his own son Volusian to the station of Augustus.

Which is interesting, because Antioch issued a handful of types citing the singular AVG, not the plural AVGG. At first I thought maybe it was an engraver's goof, or that the mint at Antioch didn't get the memo that Hostilian hadn't been killed, or that Volusian had been elevated. Then I found this:
http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/sear...ml#RIC_0029c

Perhaps a mule?

Just some late-night ponderings for you
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echizento's Avatar
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23731 Posts
 Posted 08/22/2018  01:55 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add echizento to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Been a very slow day around here. Thanks for posting this coin. I haven't collected or studied Roman coins for sometime now so I can't answer your question. Now a bad looking coin though.
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 Posted 08/22/2018  12:03 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Kushanshah to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
RIC (Vol. IV, part III, p. 156) notes that the coins of Gallus with AVG in the reverse legend mark him as Augustus alone and suggests that they belong to a short period in which Hostilian was still striking as Caesar. This is found in a section discussing the mint at Rome but it seems reasonable that it would apply to Antioch as well.
Edited by Kushanshah
08/22/2018 12:17 pm
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Finn235's Avatar
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6130 Posts
 Posted 08/22/2018  12:50 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Finn235 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
It raises interesting questions about the ability of messengers to convey news around the Empire. I'd assume that there were dedicated messengers in most major towns, ready to ride out and deliver news. In the context of a military defeat at Abritus, we can assume that at least a handful of soldiers escaped the slaughter (since we have eyewitness accounts of pretty remarkable detail). They would have had to travel to the closest friendly town, whose messengers would spread the word that the emperors were dead. That whole process would most likely take a handful of days to reach Gallus. Then the legions decided to elevate Gallus, which if we recall the case of Macrinus a few decades earlier, took a couple days as they considered candidates.

Then the news would have spread radially from Moesia, probably ahead of the advance of Gallus to Rome. Which makes me wonder - owing to the violent death that awaited Philip II on the ascent of Decius, perhaps everyone assumed that Hostilian would be dispatched in short order? I would also imagine that places like Antioch would have gotten the news of Gallus' succession a few weeks or even months before the news that young Hostilian had been spared. I don't have details on Roman minting operations, but their turnaround time seems to be pretty quick, considering how scarce emperors like Quintillus or Florian have so many coins in their name. Maybe they only needed a couple days to cut fresh obverse legends for the types already made for Decius?
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 Posted 08/22/2018  1:24 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Kushanshah to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Certainly raises interesting questions. More interesting than what I ought to be doing...
Edited by Kushanshah
08/22/2018 1:26 pm
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