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Thin Film Coatings Turning Black After Annealing

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Author Previous TopicReplies: 2 / Views: 854Next Topic  
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silviosi's Avatar
Canada
6244 Posts
 Posted 03/15/2022  05:08 am Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add silviosi to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
I find this very interesting article from Pretoria University and post because in the last time I have to deal with those black fake coated coins.


Quote:
Reason for tin oxide thin film coatings turning black after annealing?
As can be seen in the linked image (https://i.postimg.cc/TYXkrvZB/blacklayers.jpg), the tin oxide thin film coatings have turned black after annealing at 500C for 1 hour, the solution obtained following the experimental procedure (with slight concentration variation) in this
Article Properties of fluorine-doped SnO2 thin films by a green sol-gel method
article can be seen as clear in the first picture. For quick reference, it is Methanol, Ammonium hydroxide (1.5mol ratio), Monoethanolamine (1 mol ratio), 0.5M Tin Chloride Pentahydrate.
Solution is spin coated at 3500rpm for 40 seconds, then dried at 200C for 5 mins, 10 layers prepared. The layers are transparent (but dark) after drying, but turn completely black after annealing. I don't know what could be responsible for this as all organic materials should evaporate in the drying step and tin oxide should be highly transparent.
Edit: I anneal only once after all 10 layers have been deposited and dried individually, it is with this annealing step that the layers turn black, they are transparent before it.
As can be seen in the linked image (https://i.postimg.cc/TYXkrvZB/blacklayers.jpg), the tin oxide thin film coatings have turned black after annealing at 500C for 1 hour, the solution obtained following the experimental procedure (with slight concentration variation) in this
Article Properties of fluorine-doped SnO2 thin films by a green sol-gel method
article can be seen as clear in the first picture. For quick reference, it is Methanol, Ammonium hydroxide (1.5mol ratio), Monoethanolamine (1 mol ratio), 0.5M Tin Chloride Pentahydrate.
Solution is spin coated at 3500rpm for 40 seconds, then dried at 200C for 5 mins, 10 layers prepared. The layers are transparent (but dark) after drying, but turn completely black after annealing. I don't know what could be responsible for this as all organic materials should evaporate in the drying step and tin oxide should be highly transparent.
Edit: I anneal only once after all 10 layers have been deposited and dried individually, it is with this annealing step that the layers turn black, they are transparent before it.


Hope help.

PS: All my lab on SEM-TEM, EDS and SEM-EDX tests show fluorine on the 1958 and 1959 Nickels black beauty and also for the new ones on the market.
Edited by silviosi
03/15/2022 05:33 am
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Chase007's Avatar
United States
7510 Posts
 Posted 03/15/2022  08:06 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Chase007 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Interesting.
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coop's Avatar
United States
62064 Posts
 Posted 03/16/2022  11:43 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add coop to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Thin-Film-Coatings-Turning-Black-After-Annealing
Thin-Film-Coatings-Turning-Black-After-Annealing
Thin-Film-Coatings-Turning-Black-After-Annealing

So the darkened quarters were often see are the time when they need to clean the beads.

CoopHome: How are coins burnished to remove the annealing colors?
Edited by coop
03/16/2022 11:44 am
  Previous TopicReplies: 2 / Views: 854Next Topic  

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