Strike Doubling and
Machine Doubling are the same thing, hub doubling is something totally different.
Machine Doubling is caused by a "loosness" of some parts in the coining press that allows a slight lateral movement of the die during the striking of the coin. The movement is somewhat random and can vary from strike to strike. Tighten up some bolts on the press and it goes away.
Hub doubling is actually in the die that strikes the coin and comes in at least 9 different forms (8 actually, rotated hub doubling is just a special case of pivoted hub doubling). Up until 1997 it took two or more impressions of the hub into the die blank to create the die. If the die and the hub were not exactly lined up the same way between impressions the hub would create a doubled image in the die. Then EVERY coin struck by that die will show that same doubling. That is hub doubling.