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Eagle On Reverse Of Coins: Still Required?

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n9jig's Avatar
United States
997 Posts
 Posted 08/24/2011  10:08 pm Show Profile   Bookmark this topic Add n9jig to your friends list Get a Link to this Message Number of Subscribers
I have read in several locations that a representation of an eagle is required on certain coins. One source I read said that it was required on Quarters, Halves and dollars, others said this was required on any silver or gold coin.

Is this still required on certain coinage? It is not present on current dollar coins or quarters nor was it on any of the Bicentennial coins. It hasn't been on the dime since the 1830's. (Same for the Half Dime...)
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rachums107's Avatar
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 Posted 08/24/2011  10:24 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add rachums107 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
I have never heard that, where was your source?
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Hondo's Avatar
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1211 Posts
 Posted 08/24/2011  11:55 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Hondo to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Franklin halves come to mind. I do know that at one point the eagle was required. They added the small eagle on the reverse because it was required. Its just small on this coin because of Franklins preference of the Turkey as the National Bird. I love that story!
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merclover's Avatar
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10635 Posts
 Posted 08/25/2011  12:13 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add merclover to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
please site sources

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Sap's Avatar
Australia
16806 Posts
 Posted 08/25/2011  03:04 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Sap to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
The Coinage Act of 1792 has never been fully rescinded, only amended by the six subsequent Coinage Acts to alter the weights and finenesses and to add or subtract denominations. No amendments to the phrases denoting the designs of the coins were ever made, so the Mint has to assume they still stand as the default design requirements for US coinage. Section 10 of the Act says,

Quote:
And be it further enacted, That, upon the said coins respectively, there shall be the following devices and legends, namely: Upon one side of each of the said coins there shall be an impression emblematic of liberty, with an inscription of the word Liberty, and the year of the coinage; and upon the reverse of each of the gold and silver coins there shall be the figure or representation of an eagle, with this inscription, "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" and upon the reverse of each of the copper coins, there shall be an inscription which shall express the denomination of the piece, namely, cent or Half Cent, as the case may require.

This has generally been assumed to encompass only general circulation coinage; special one-off commemorative designs (like the State Quarters and President dollars) do not need to comply with this regulation. I'm not quite sure how the Mint and/or Treasury determined it could make exemptions for the half-dime and dime, since they were indeed "silver coins" under the Act, and I'm not aware of any subsequent legislation regarding the design of dimes and half-dimes.
Don't say "infinitely" when you mean "very"; otherwise, you'll have no word left when you want to talk about something really infinite. - C. S. Lewis
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daviscfad's Avatar
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 Posted 08/25/2011  10:05 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add daviscfad to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
very interesting. Thanks for sharing
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DNA's Avatar
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2734 Posts
 Posted 08/25/2011  10:10 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add DNA to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Killer question:
When the Dime, Quarter and Half-Dollar denominations went to Cu-Ni clad composition in 1965,
did this eliminate the Eagle-reverse design requirement by default?

The Coinage Act of 1792 specifically states the Eagle is to be "upon the reverse of... gold and silver" coins.

After all, American Eagle gold and silver bullion series coins are still in compliance
with the original Liberty/Eagle design specifications!
Edited by DNA
08/25/2011 10:15 am
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Conder101's Avatar
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17884 Posts
 Posted 08/25/2011  12:50 pm  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Conder101 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Yes the eagle is still required. The current version of the law is

US Code title 31 subtitle IV Chapter 51 subchapter II section 5112 (D) (1)

United States coins shall have the inscription "In God We Trust". The obverse side of each coin shall have the inscription "Liberty". The reverse side of each coin shall have the inscriptions "United States of America" and "E Pluribus Unum" and a designation of the value of the coin. The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle. Subject to other provisions of this subsection, the obverse of any 5-cent coin issued after December 31, 2005, shall bear the likeness of Thomas Jefferson and the reverse of any such 5-cent coin shall bear an image of the home of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Congress, shall select appropriate designs for the obverse and reverse sides of the dollar coin. The coins have an inscription of the year of minting or issuance. However, to prevent or alleviate a shortage of a denomination, the Secretary may inscribe coins of the denomination with the year that was last inscribed on coins of the denomination.

HOWEVER This requirement can be superseded by later legislation that specifies the design of a coin or series. This was the case with the Bicentennials, the State Quarters, the President dollars, etc. On those coins the authorizing legislation specifically exempts them for the requirement to bear the eagle. The legislation for the President dollars likewise exempts the coin from having to bear the word LIBERTY on it. (See sentence two in the law above where the word is required.) You will note that the law no longer says anything about the eagle being required on the gold or silver coins.

If you would like to see the entire Section 5112 that covers the designs and specification for the coins it cn be found here

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/3...---000-.html



Quote:
When the Dime, Quarter and Half-Dollar denominations went to Cu-Ni clad composition in 1965,
did this eliminate the Eagle-reverse design requirement by default?

No, the coinage act of 1965 amended the current legislation to include "...and upon the reverse side shall be the figure or representation of an eagle, with the inscriptions `United states of America' and `E Pluribus Unum; and a designation of the value of the coin;but on the dime, 5-, and 1-cent piece, the figure of the eagle shall be omitted."


Quote:
After all, American Eagle gold and silver bullion series coins are still in compliance
with the original Liberty/Eagle design specifications!

Yes but the bullion coins have the eagles on them because the authorizing legislation specifically states the eagle shall appear. In the case of the ASE it simply states and eagle, for the gold bullion it says "on the reverse side, a design representing a family of eagles, with the male carrying an olive branch and flying above a nest containing a female eagle and hatchlings; "
Edited by Conder101
08/25/2011 1:06 pm
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