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Are Wheat Pennies Bronze?

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New Member
United Kingdom
2 Posts
 Posted 07/31/2014  08:37 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add lauren85 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Here is some info from a few websites.

The U.S. Coins " Red Book" (A Guide Book of United States coins, 417 pages, K. Bressett, Editor; Whitman Publishing; $14.95 Spiral Bound Softback) has been the standard value guide for coin collectors and dealers for six decades. It lists the prices for every known U.S. Coin, including Colonial coins, error coins, mint and proof sets, commemoratives, and gold coins.

Key Dates and Rarities
The following Indian Head and Lincoln wheat cents in any condition, are worth considerable more than common wheat pennies. As such, these coins are frequently counterfeit or altered from common wheat pennies. Therefore, before you start celebrating your early retirement with your new found fortune, have the coin authenticated by a reputable coin dealer or third party grading service.
Indian Head
• 1869 9/9 (Doubled "9" in the date)
• 1873 Dbl Liberty ("LIBERTY" is doubled on the Indian's headdress)
• 1877
• 1888 8/7 (The remnant of a "7" is underneath the last "8" in the date)
• 1909 S

Wheat
• 1909-S VDB (small "S" below the date and "V.D.B." on the back at the bottom
between the stems of the wheat ears)
• 1909-S
• 1914-D
• 1922 No "D" (there is no mint mark below the date)
• 1931-S
• 1943 Bronze/copper (1943 were made out of zinc plated steel, not copper)
• 1943-D Bronze/copper (1943 were made out of zinc plated steel, not copper)
• 1943-S Bronze/copper (1943 were made out of zinc plated steel, not copper)
• 1944 Steel (1944 were again made out of copper/bronze, some old steel blanks
got minted in 1944 by mistake)
• 1955/55 (doubled die variety)

War Nickels 1942-1945
World War II prompted the rationing of many commodities. Nickel was highly valued for use in armor plating, and Congress ordered the removal of this metal from the five-cent piece, effective October 8, 1942. From that date, and lasting through the end of 1945, five-cent pieces bore the regular design but were minted from an alloy of copper, silver and manganese. It was anticipated that these emergency coins would be withdrawn from circulation after the war, so a prominent distinguishing feature was added. Coins from all three mints bore very large mintmarks above the dome of Monticello, and the letter 'P' was used as a mintmark for the first time on a U. S. coin.
Bedrock of the Community
Conder101's Avatar
United States
17884 Posts
 Posted 07/31/2014  11:12 am  Show Profile   Bookmark this reply Add Conder101 to your friends list Get a Link to this Reply
Found the information on the shell case cents.

From letter to Philadelphia mint from Director Ross (National Archives record group 104, entry 328-H Box 3 "Philtdelphia Mint Operating Records)

"It is understood, of course, that you will use the expended shell casings, as agreed upon, while securing enough copper to "sweeten" them up to 95-5."

From another letter to the Philadelphia Mint in the same group

"It is presumed the the shells you have already received will be sufficient to meet your needs in preparing for the coinage that is to begin Jan 1, 1944, and that by that time ingots will be available from the contractor who will melt the shell cases to be supplied as per Bureau letter of Nov 20th."

Shell cases arrived in railroad cars every five days at each mint The consumption used for cents was 3,500 pounds of shell cases a day six days a week at Philadelphia. They were also used for a 2 franc coin at a rate of 21,000 pounds a day (those were not sweetened with extra copper)

The reference for that information is from a letter of Feb 28th, 1944 from acting Philadelphia Mint Superintendent Helen C Moore to Director Ross. The letter can be found in the same location as the previous two.

So the story about the 1944 - 46 cents being made from shell cases is no myth, and it was not just a small symbolic amount of shell cases. Most of the shell cases used were 50 caliber.

I was wrong about the 50 pounds of tin for all the 1942 cents that I mentioned earlier, that was just for the 85 million cents struck in San Francisco. That would make those cents 95% copper 4.992% zinc and .008% tin.
Edited by Conder101
07/31/2014 11:21 am
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