There may be a slight difference in metallurgical content but it is not like they are using some revolutionary new alloy that wasn't available 100 years ago. Annealing techniques are probably more quality controlled today so the dies tend to have a more uniform strength from die to die. The main differences would be striking pressure, the size of the coin being minted, and the relief of the design. The bigger the coin, the higher the strike pressure required so that is hard on the dies. You also need high striking pressure for a coin with a high relief so it will fully strike up. Notice that many of today's designs seem flat and lifeless, the lowering of the relief allows for a lowering of the strike pressure thus extending the life of the dies.