Numismatics is a 1000 year old hobby, it's not going anywhere, although it might change.
If numismatics has a main challenge, that challenge lies in the fact that coins are rapidly declining in importance as a medium of exchange in our day-to-day lives.
But let's look at some other things:
1. A flood of mass-produced "coins" from tiny nations that are being marketed as collectible investments when they are neither; combined with a flood of commemoratives from
RCM, RM, and so on that have massively oversaturated the market
2A. Scam artists, hucksters, and con men on shop-at-home TV programs selling worthless junk claiming it's an investment, overhyping or outright misrepresenting items, offering legitimate coins but with outrageous markups, etc. The same people also advertise in mass market media (magazines) with similar "offers." The shameful part of this is that these companies and individuals almost exclusively target the elderly and the uninformed consumer. I've heard plenty of stories of these victims buying thousands of dollars of this worthless junk, then passing away, and then whomever inherits it finds out the hard way that "grandma's coin collection" isn't worth the boxes it was stored in.
2B. The same scammers have spent a lot of time overhyping "error coins" and convincing the public at large that there may be valuable errors worth hundreds of thousands of dollars in their pocket change. While not necessarily untrue, per se, the bigger problem is that the scammers are failing to disclose that the odds of finding such a coin in your change are infinitesimally small, in most cases, and now thousands of non-collectors are being constantly disappointed to find out that their bent, damaged, holed, scratched, or chemically altered pocket change coins are not going to support their retirement. Their disillusionment when they learn this is discouraging them from pursuing the hobby further.
The next 3 items go together:
3. The introduction of third-party grading, and the successful marketing campaigns to pitch
TPG slabbed coins as "investments", has brought a tremendous influx of investors and speculators into the hobby that have little or no interest in the history of the coins or the hobby itself, but view each coin no differently than one would view a share of stock in a company or a bar of gold. Demand for rare coins by speculators, investors, and even mutual funds and hedge funds has resulted in spiraling inflation of prices over the last 20-30 years. The result is that more and more hobbyist collectors without suitably deep pockets continue to get priced out of the market, as more and more coins become too expensive to obtain.
This is a key point. In any hobby where
TPG's have come into play, prices have gone way up on slabbed or graded items, but have seen much smaller gains, remained flat or fallen in value for most non-graded items. You can see further examples of this effect in other hobbies, such as sports card collecting, comic book collecting, and action figure collecting, all of which have seen massive price increases on graded or certified material over a relatively short period of time. The perception is that certification by a
TPG reduces the financial risk to collectors and investors, who then spend more money on certified items based on that perception. This has also led to a perception among collectors in general that items that aren't graded or certified must be defective, inferior, or worth less, hurting collectors, dealers and sellers who cannot afford to certify or grade their entire inventory.
4. In conjunction with #3. Speculation in the precious metals market has resulted in strong prices for gold and silver, which by its very nature leads to rising prices for coins struck from those metals. Gold and silver are not rare, scarce, or in short supply, nor is the supply of either metal likely to be exhausted at any point in the foreseeable future.
5. In conjunction with #3 and #4. Rampant inflation in the US economy and the unparalleled growth of consumer indebtedness have not been matched by wage growth until the last 2-3 years. Meanwhile, the steadily declining purchasing power of the dollar means that the collector's budget buys less and less product. This means that more and more collectors who would be active participants in the hobby are quite simply unable to buy coins for their collection due to a lack of disposable income combined with the reduced purchasing power of what income they do have. A knock-on effect from this problem is that many dealers and investors are sitting on large amounts of coins instead of bringing them to market, further tightening an already tight and finite supply of collectible coins; this means more buyers are competing for less product, and that ALSO causes rising prices, exacerbating things even more.
6. The US government has consistently failed to monitor or regulate the importing of numismatic goods products, unlike many other countries worldwide. This means that China, Russia, and other countries can produce and export to the US all of their counterfeit coins carte blanche; and in the absence of practical or effective detection and enforcement of anti-counterfeiting laws, there is nothing to stop them from doing so. This is largely due to the US government's willing refusal to target or pursue action against known major offenders such as the "no-no site", combined with a complete lack of any sort of punitive measures levied against websites, dealers, or individuals who knowingly participate in or facilitate the trade or sale of counterfeit goods. The government also lacks the will or ability to enforce existing laws against domestic sites such as
ebay and
Amazon, which are rife with counterfeits, so there is a constant supply of these fake coins made available for sale and purchase to uninformed buyers and collectors. The widespread prevalence of counterfeit coins damages collector trust and confidence in the hobby, and creates more skepticism and reluctance when it comes to purchasing coins, and that in and of itself damages the reputation of numismatics as a whole.
7. Stagnant US coin design, or bland and uninspiring design, have neither re-engaged existing collectors with the hobby, nor generated much interest among non-collectors that might lead them to become collectors in the future.
Just some thoughts off the top of my head.
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"Most of the things worth doing in the world had been declared impossible before they were done." -- Louis D. Brandeis