@one, first welcome to CCF. Second, you are correct that it is damage. Not sure that it is the so-called Ring of Death, but rather just unspecified mechanical damage.
"If you climb a good tree, you get a push." -----Ghanaian proverb
"The danger we all now face is distinguishing between what is authentic and what is performed." -----King Adz
Would need to see a pic of the full obverse to be certain of the ' Ring of Death' event. But, having said that, that gouge is certainly post-strike damage, yes.
I think the outer ring possibly shows ROD. It's the inside one that is deep and has gouged the coin..and only in the head of Lincoln. The Gumball Machine theory is interesting because the marking is very deep and very old, seemingly as old as the coin.
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